{"id":4328,"date":"2023-07-26T14:51:19","date_gmt":"2023-07-26T14:51:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/?p=4328"},"modified":"2023-07-28T11:16:40","modified_gmt":"2023-07-28T11:16:40","slug":"west-african-journal-of-pharmacy-2019-30-1-1-21-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/west-african-journal-of-pharmacy-2019-30-1-1-21-2\/","title":{"rendered":"West African Journal of Pharmacy (2019) 30 (1) 1 – 21"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Clinical and humanistic outcomes of pharmaceutical care interventions in diabetes mellitus:
a systematic review and meta-analysis<\/b><\/p>


<\/b>Segun J. Showande, Wuraola Akande-Sholabi, Titilayo O. Fakeye<\/span><\/p>

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Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration
Faculty of Pharmacy,\u00a0University of Ibadan<\/b>

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Corresponding author: Titilayo O. Fakeye<\/i>

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Email:<\/b> titifakeye@gmail.com; Phone: +2348052234484<\/i><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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ABSTRACT<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Background:<\/b> Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease for which life-long medications and care are needed.\u00a0Effectiveness of care is related to good glycemic control, which is desired to forestall complications.<\/p>

Objective: <\/b>This study evaluated the effectiveness of pharmaceutical care (PC) services provided by\u00a0pharmacists in improving clinical and humanistic outcomes in diabetes mellitus patients.<\/p>

Method:<\/b> Five databases (PubMed\/Medline, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Control Trials, and Google Scholar) were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reported in English using\u00a0free text and medical subject headings keywords. In studies that had PC intervention arm, a control group,\u00a0type1, and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients; clinical and\/or humanistic outcomes were included. For meta-analysis, the standard mean difference evaluated with a random effect model at P<0.05 was reported. Significant\u00a0heterogeneity was further evaluated with sensitivity and subgroup analyses.<\/p>

Results:<\/strong> A total of 41 RCTs with 7,448 patients were eligible out of 1222 citations. PC intervention significantly\u00a0lowered glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure,\u00a0total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < 0.05), with significant heterogeneity. PC\u00a0intervention also improved self-care but medication adherence, disease knowledge and quality of life were not\u00a0improved. PC services offered (patient education, identification and resolution of drug therapy problems, and\u00a0pharmacotherapy evaluation) were not uniform across the studies.<\/p>

Conclusion:<\/strong> The review and meta-analysis showed that PC intervention is of great benefit to improving most\u00a0clinical outcomes which may result in better disease management. A call is however made for standardized\u00a0pharmaceutical care intervention.<\/p>

Keywords:<\/strong> Pharmaceutical care, diabetes mellitus, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, quality of life, adherence<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Clinical and humanistic outcomes of pharmaceutical care interventions in diabetes mellitus:a systematic review and meta-analysis Segun J. Showande, Wuraola Akande-Sholabi, Titilayo O. Fakeye \u00a0 Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy AdministrationFaculty of Pharmacy,\u00a0University of Ibadan Corresponding author: Titilayo O. Fakeye \u00a0 \u00a0 Email: titifakeye@gmail.com; Phone: +2348052234484 Download ABSTRACT Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[211],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4328"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4328"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4328\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4341,"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4328\/revisions\/4341"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4328"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4328"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4328"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}