{"id":4437,"date":"2023-07-25T14:19:38","date_gmt":"2023-07-25T14:19:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/?p=4437"},"modified":"2023-07-27T14:29:51","modified_gmt":"2023-07-27T14:29:51","slug":"west-african-journal-of-pharmacy-2017-28-1-15-22","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/west-african-journal-of-pharmacy-2017-28-1-15-22\/","title":{"rendered":"West African Journal of Pharmacy (2017) 28 (1) 15-22"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4437\" class=\"elementor elementor-4437\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5e5cdf29 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5e5cdf29\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4e1ae70f\" data-id=\"4e1ae70f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5fbe56be elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5fbe56be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>The disposal pattern of domestic medical and pharmaceutical waste in Uyo metropolis, Southern Nigeria<\/b><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Emmanuel O. Olorunsola and David U. Adje<\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\">1<span style=\"font-size: 19px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 19px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\">2<span style=\"font-size: 19px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Author for Correspondence: Emmanuel Olorunsola<\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Email: olorunsolaeo@yahoo.com Phone:+2348035067306<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-98bf1da elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"98bf1da\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4a54476b\" data-id=\"4a54476b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19cb7a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"19cb7a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">ABSTRACT<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7dee5e8e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7dee5e8e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7f910988\" data-id=\"7f910988\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-771aaf89 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"771aaf89\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Background: Assessment of waste disposal practices is an important step in designing interventions to\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 19px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">improve the health status of municipal communities.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Objectives:<\/b> This study was aimed at assessing the domestic medical and pharmaceutical waste disposal\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 19px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">practices by households in Uyo metropolis, Nigeria; and to provide informal education on appropriate\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">practices for the community.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Methods:<\/b> The town was demarcated into three zones A, B and C equivalent to high income, middle income and\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 19px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">low income residential areas respectively. A total of one hundred and forty households were randomly\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">selected from the zones (40 households each from zones A and B and 60 from zone C). The sampling unit was\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">the head or representative of each household. A pretested self\u2013administered questionnaire was used to\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">assess the domestic medical and pharmaceutical waste disposal practices. Chi-square test was performed to\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">assess differences in the disposal practices between the three zones. A p-value of less than 0.05 was regarded\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">as significant.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Results:<\/b> Majority of households disposed medical and pharmaceutical waste with garbage. The proportion of\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 19px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">households involved in this practice ranged from 85% to 96.67% for medical waste and 73.34% to 82.5% for\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">pharmaceutical waste. Only a small proportion disposed medical waste by burning or burying. Disposal by\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">incineration was not practiced at all in the population surveyed. There was no significant difference in waste\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">disposal practices between the three zones.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Conclusion:<\/b> Waste was not sorted before disposal. Recommended methods were not followed in disposing\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 19px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">the medical and pharmaceutical wastes. The disposal of domestic medical waste especially the sharps does\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 19px; color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">not meet the international standard.<\/span><\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Keywords:<\/b> Household, medical waste, pharmaceutical waste, disposal pattern.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e03082b elementor-align-right elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"5e03082b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Chapter-2-1.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Download <\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The disposal pattern of domestic medical and pharmaceutical waste in Uyo metropolis, Southern Nigeria \u00a0 \u00a0 Emmanuel O. Olorunsola and David U. Adje \u00a0 1Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria \u00a0 2Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria \u00a0 Author for Correspondence: Emmanuel Olorunsola Email: [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[230],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4437"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4437"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4437\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4443,"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4437\/revisions\/4443"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4437"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4437"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4437"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}