{"id":4619,"date":"2023-07-21T13:58:02","date_gmt":"2023-07-21T13:58:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/?p=4619"},"modified":"2023-07-28T14:02:57","modified_gmt":"2023-07-28T14:02:57","slug":"west-african-journal-of-pharmacy-2017-28-2-85-95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/west-african-journal-of-pharmacy-2017-28-2-85-95\/","title":{"rendered":"West African Journal of Pharmacy (2017) 28 (2) 85-95"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Formulation of Vernonia amygdalina and Calotropis procera leaf extracts into a cream for\u00a0<\/b>the management of skin infections<\/b><\/p>

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Adeola Kola-Mustapha, Yusuf Ghazali, and Titus Iranloye.<\/p>

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Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences,\u00a0University of Ilorin, Ilorin Nigeria<\/span><\/p>

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Corresponding Author: Adeola Kola-Mustapha<\/p>

Email: atkmusty@yahoo.com; Phone: +2348033475485<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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ABSTRACT<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Background:<\/b> The incidence of skin infections in West Africa and in fact globally continues to increase at an\u00a0alarming rate.<\/span><\/p>

Objective:<\/b> This study was carried out to formulate the methanol extracts from Vernonia amygdalina and\u00a0Calotropis procera into a topical cream for the treatment and management of skin infections.<\/span><\/p>

Methods:<\/b> Each extract was tested and thereafter combined in ratios 0:1, 1:3, 1:1, 3:1 and 1:0 Vernonia:\u00a0Calotropis(V:C). The best extract combination based on results of zones of inhibition was then formulated into\u00a0<\/span>modified aqueous, cetomacrogol and vanishing cream bases. The creams were formulated at an extract\u00a0<\/span>concentration of 2.5, 5 and 10% w\/w in the bases. The creams were further assessed for their physical and\u00a0<\/span>chemical properties. Antimicrobial activities of the creams were examined by the agar well diffusion method\u00a0<\/span>against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, and Trichophyton rubrum. A\u00a0<\/span>combination of ketoconazole and neomycin was used as control.<\/span><\/p>

Results:<\/b> The creams exhibited zones of inhibition ranging from 8.00 \u00b1 0.54 to 30.00 \u00b1 0.00 mm. The extracts\u00a0combined in ratio 3:1 V:C yielded the highest zones of inhibition ordinarily and in the cream across the test\u00a0<\/span>organisms. The cetomacrogol base was incompatible with the extract combinations, therefore unstable; the\u00a0<\/span>modified Aqueous cream base was stable with no antimicrobial activity while the vanishing cream base gave a\u00a0<\/span>stable cream with zones of inhibition against the test organisms.<\/span><\/p>

Conclusion:<\/b> These outcomes confirm that these extracts possess antimicrobial activities, and when\u00a0incorporated into creams, their activities vary according to the cream bases employed with the vanishing cream\u00a0<\/span>base being the most effective.<\/span><\/p>

Keywords:<\/b> Vernonia amygdalina, Calotropis procera, antimicrobial, creams, skin infections<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\tDownload <\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Formulation of Vernonia amygdalina and Calotropis procera leaf extracts into a cream for\u00a0the management of skin infections \u00a0 Adeola Kola-Mustapha, Yusuf Ghazali, and Titus Iranloye. \u00a0 Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences,\u00a0University of Ilorin, Ilorin Nigeria \u00a0 Corresponding Author: Adeola Kola-Mustapha Email: atkmusty@yahoo.com; Phone: +2348033475485 ABSTRACT Background: The incidence of skin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[233],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4619"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4619"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4619\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4625,"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4619\/revisions\/4625"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4619"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4619"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wapcpharm.org\/journal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4619"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}